Functions and characteristics of modern window structures 
Types of heat losses
Factors, influencing on window structures heat insulation 
Window structure price
PVC window structures installation
Main steps in windows installation
Installation of PVC windows in winter

Functions and characteristics of modern window structures 

Main functions and characteristics of modern window structures are heat insulation, noise insulation, ventilation, reliability and durability, stability to atmospheric forcing, fire resistance and resistance to forcible entry.
Heat insulation is an ability to resist heat losses. This is one of the main window functions 

Types of heat losses

While choosing windows by heat insulation criteria one should consider climate conditions. Heat losses can be divided into three main types: 
Transmission losses, which can occur, when heat dissipates through walls, floor, selling, windows and doors. 
Ventilation losses. That is heat quantity, necessary for cold air heating till premise temperature. Cold air can extrude through chinks in windows, doors and ventilation system. 
Heat losses at the cost of emanation. 

Factors, influencing on heat insulation of window structures 

• window glazing type
• spacer width
• window size
• glazing square - sash pulley square ratio
• fold and frame cross-section 
• quantity and position of compressors in system frame/fold

Noise insulation is an ability to resist external noise penetration.
Modern windows noise insulation level is determined by set window profile formula, type of glass and joints impermeability. 
That is why the windows should have a minimum of two waterproof paddings installed, set along the perimeter. Accessories should ensure padding perfect conformity.

According to the noise insulation design factor windows are divided into classes:

• Industrial area: 5th class – 48 decibel
• City center: 4 class – 43 decibel 
• Residential area: 2nd - 33 decibel

Depending on internal noise one can choose windows with the same appearance but different according to the noise insulation.  
Ventilation is air exchange ensuring in the premises. Ventilation is necessary not only for carbonic acid and smells removal, but also for normal humidity creation and unnecessary moisture removal. 
In our houses ventilation system is built up on scheme of fresh air receipt through chinks in window openings.

Modern windows are remarkable for containment and in closed position admit very little air. This property is obviously an advantage, but if there is no proper ventilation system in premise, then generated humidity will fall onto profile windows and slants surface. These process are clearly seen during finishing works in flats with high accommodation density. That is why during modern windows setting it is necessary to ventilate premises through opening transoms, ventlights, folds or with the help of different air supplying devices, installed between window profile and folding casement or cut into window profile. Ventilation is also possible through regulated intake ducts, installed in external walls beyond the window openings.

Price on window structures

Window construction price is calculated with the help of special software, which takes into account all peculiarities of every order.

Price determined parameters: 

• PVC window profile type,
• plastic construction color;
• manifold plate glass type: Single or double-glazing unit,
• type of glass used in the window;
• opening mode,
• accessories,
• compressor,
• window-sills,
• sills,
• reveals,
• mosquito nets etc.,
• order volume. 

Window structures installation

Window construction durability depends for 90% on installation technology observance. That is why; it is desirable that installation is carried out by the representatives of the company, where you ordered windows. Thanks to this you can have an installation guarantee. 

Main steps in windows installation

Window openings measurement
It is recommended to clarify all configuration, color and equipping peculiarities on the stage of window measuring process. In order to prevent further misunderstandings. Mistake or inaccuracy during measurement can lead to necessity of ready window construction making over. It is not enough to measure height and width of the window opening. It is necessary to take all the details into account: Material of the walls in your house, what is inside of them, what is openings curvature, on which floor the works will be carried out. Only specialist can understand and estimate the volume of future works. 

• Preparation stage
  It is necessary to prepare premises for the installation works, clear pass to the windows, to cover floor with paper or tape and cover all home appliances.
• Old windows dismantling 
  Usually this stage does not take a lot of time. Experienced dismantlers carry out dismantling without window opening damaging. This is necessary for further qualified window maintenance. 
• Window opening preparation
  On this stage it is necessary to clean all dust from opening surface and carry out plastering and filling. In brick house the window opening should be accurately even and cleaned from dust and rubbish. Filling foam with help of which frame places contiguity pressurize to the wall badly sticks to dust and unclean surface. 
• Installing new window structure.
  This is the most important stage. It includes the following works.
  Frame maintenance to the window opening (without double-glazing units and folds) on sill and spacer. 
  Frame displaying according to level and vertical face in three angles, control check carrying out with the help of level and adjusting tool. It is necessary to achieve the window absolutely ideal in accordance with the indices of measuring devices. 
  Dampproof band installation that prevents erection joint from destruction. 
  Opening structures fastening with the help of special fast. During this process, the window fastens from all sides along perimeter with spans not more then 70 cm. 
  Joint capsulation between window and wall is carried out with the help of fixing foam. It is recommended that joint width (erection joint) is not more then 3 cm.
  Sill maintenance. 
  Windowsill maintenance. 
  Accessories maintenance and regulating.
• Final stage
  Works of the final stage are carried out next day after maintenance, after fixing foam is absolutely dry. 
  Plastic reveal installation.  
  Protective film removal from profile.

Installing PVC windows in winter.

There are lots of disputes about installation in winter. The main here is not the season but the temperature by which installation technology will be observed.  
It is recommended install window structures at the temperature not less then -15° C. During this process it is necessary to use special fixing foam which keeps all necessary for qualified winter installation.